Which statement describes internal sensors in industrial robots?

Which statement describes internal sensors in industrial robots?

• A. Controlling position and velocity.
• B. Detecting external obstacles in the environment.
• C. Measuring ambient temperature.
• D. Monitoring communication status.

Answer: (A)

Internal sensors provide state feedback for the robot’s own motion. They measure the robot’s joint positions and speeds (using encoders and tachometers), feeding real‑time data to the controller so motor commands can be adjusted to reach the desired position and velocity. This closed‑loop feedback is what makes positioning accurate and motion smooth. External obstacle detectors, ambient temperature readings, and diagnostics for communication status involve different sensing roles or data sources, not the joint state used for motion control. So, the best description is that internal sensors are used for controlling position and velocity.

Internal sensors provide state feedback for the robot’s own motion. They measure the robot’s joint positions and speeds (using encoders and tachometers), feeding real‑time data to the controller so motor commands can be adjusted to reach the desired position and velocity. This closed‑loop feedback is what makes positioning accurate and motion smooth. External obstacle detectors, ambient temperature readings, and diagnostics for communication status involve different sensing roles or data sources, not the joint state used for motion control. So, the best description is that internal sensors are used for controlling position and velocity.